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J. K. SOHU-MAGHER; SELVAGE WEAVING DEVICE FOR LOOMS.

No. 602,366 Patented Apr. 12, 1898.

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UNITED STATES PATENT nron.

JOHANN KONRAD SCHUMAOHER, OF WERMELSKIROHEN, GERMANY.

SELVAGE-WEAVING DEVICE FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,366, dated April 12, 1898.

Application filed February 12 1897. Serial No. 628,136. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern/.- v

Be it known that I, J OHANN KONRAD SCHU- MAOHER,a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Wermelskirchen, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Selvage-IVeaving Devices for Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The object of the present device is-to produce a number of ribbons in one sheet of fabric covering the full width of the loom, which when out apart have true selvages or edges that cannot be unraveled with the fingers.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents part of a loom with the ordinary shafts and a dupe-shaft carrying a heddle surrounding a number of warp-threads and having an eye adapted to carry a bindingthread to and fro around the same. Fig. 2 is a similar view in a different position. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show, diagrammatically, the different positions of the four warp-threads and the binding-thread carried around the same and bound in by the wefts. Fig. 7 illustrates, diagrammatically, how in a piece of fabric two selvages are formed and may be cut to form ribbons. a

In Figs. 1 and 2, W designates a piece of fabric in which seven ribbons, still united, are indicated by fourteen parallel lines, marking the edges of the same. beams of the chain-threads or warp, of which only five, as being necessary to the formation of one edge, are represented, (marked 1, 2, 3, 4, and A.) For each of these threads a special shaft is provided, and the shaft K guides in the heddle-eye A the binding-thread A, the shaft K guides with the heddle-eye A the chain-threadl, shaft K with eye A the warp 2, shaft K with the eye A the warp 3, and shaft K with the eye A the warp 4. The threads 2 and 4, as well as 1 and 3, being plain chain-threads, are shown somewhat apart, though in reality they lie close together. The heddle L L of the shaft K is longer than the distance between the horizontal bars belonging thereto. It surrounds at F F F F the four chain-threads 1 2 3 4 and forms with the same up to the last weft E a V-shaped open- W W are the ing. WVhen the shaft K goes down from the position shown in Fig. 1, the heddle-eye A with the binding-thread A, passes around the four chain-threadsi'n F F F F F and takes the position as shown in Fig. 2. When K goes up, the heddle A travels in an opposite direction around the four chain-threads and regains the position shown in Fig. 1. When shaft K is drawn downagain and the full travel around the four warp-threads indicated in Fig. 3 has been completed, the binding-thread A has placed itself over the wefts F. and E, has passed under the four warps backwardly, and has gone up over the same forwardly. Meanwhile the shafts K and K have changed their position. Khas gone down and K has gone'up. The threads 1 and 2 have crossed and have bound in the weft E. Fig. 4 illustrates how thereupon the weft E is thrown in and how after this throw the threads3 and 4 have changed. The

heddle-eye A has gone down and A? has gone way around the chain-threads. The heddle eye A", with the binding-thread'A, is moved from the lower position upward. In its motion it has passed over the points F and F and in order to complete its travel it has still to pass over F, F, and F The shafts K and K are now ready to change, for the heddle-eyes A A are on about a corresponding level.

Fig. 6 shows the complete travel around. The weft E is brought in. The threads 1 and 2 have thereupon crossed, and the bindingthread A has gone up in front over the chainthreads, rearwardly and down, and has then passed to the front below the threads and up again to its first position.

Figs. 3 and 6 show the formation of the edges. In Fig. 7 two adjoining edges are represented diagrammatically. 1 2 3 4 are the Warp-threads, and E E 850., to E are the ordinary wefts, and A A are the bindingthreads. The fabric is out on the line 0 P, and thus ribbons with pure selvage are obtained.

To keep the shed open, the thread A is guided in an auxiliary heddle b, secured to the shaft K Without the same the bindingthread A would surround the four chainthreads in the form of a double wedge, one edge of the wedge being turned toward the Wefts and the other edge turned toward the heddles, and by the double pressure of the binding-thread the shed would be so narrowed that the shuttle could not pass through as easily as with the auxiliary heddle b in shaft K The latter prevents the travel around toward the heddles, for when the eye A is lifted before the heddles of 4 and 5 the heddle b on K with the eye A now carrying the binding-thread, passes behind the heddles, and vice versa, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6.

A weight G is employed to prevent the formation of knots on the heddle of K (See Figs. 3 to 6 and L L in Figs. 1 and 2.) The weight supports the chain-threads not crossin g each other,which hold the shed open while the binding-thread is carried around. When K is going up and A comes to the eye of the weight A and the weight G is compelled to follow upwardly, the surrounding is almost completed, and a further tension for the heddle of K is no more necessary. (See Figs. 5 and 6.) \Vhen K is going down and eye A arrives at F, Fig. 6, the proper surrounding commences and A remains at the lowest point of the surrounding and holds the heddle of the binding-thread in tension. The rod T, Fig. 6, is employed in front of the bed dies, so that they cannot come too close to the reed-plate. After every two strokes of the shuttle four adjacent warp-threads on the edge are surrounded, and as the surroundingthread is also firmly bound in it is almost impossible to unravel the edges. This method of guidinga bin cling-warp around the straight warps on the edge can be employed also in other loose tissues, such asgauze, and the warp-threads at difierent distances apart may be s urrounded by binding-threads to be woven in by the ordinary shuttle-threads.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a loom the combination with the ordinary shafts, carrying the warp-threads, of a dupe-shaft having a heddle longer than the distance of the bars of said shaft from each other, said heddle adapted to be held taut by a weight and surrounding a number of warpthreads and carrying a binding-thread in its eye to and fro around said warp-threads to form a true selvage when bound in by the wefts, substantially as described.

2. In a loom, the combination with the ordinary shafts, carrying the warp-threads, of a dupe-shaft having a heddle longer than the distance of the bars of said shaft from each other, provided with aweight adapted to glide on it freely, said heddle surrounding a number of warp-threads and carrying a bindingthread in its eye, an auxiliary heddle in one of the ordinary shafts through which the hinding-thread is led and adapted to be carried with it to and fro and around said warpthreads and to form a true selvage when bound in by the wcfts, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOIIANN KONRAD SCHUMACIIER.

\Vitnesses:

II. T. Huss, OTTO KoNIe'. 

